These papers were first presented as a symposium at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Boston, Dec. 27, 1953. They were published in the Sept. 1954 issue of Human biology.

A dedication, by J.A. Gavan.--The importance of primate studies in anthoropology, by E. Hooton.--Fossil primates in the New World, by G.L. Jepsen.--The geologic history of non-hominid primates in the Old World, by B. Patterson.--Comparative anatomy of New World primates and its bearing on the phylogeny of anthropoid apes and men, by G.E. Erikson.--Primate evolution from the view-point of comparative anatomy, by D.D. Davis.--A comparative functional analysis of primate skulls by the split-line technique, by N.C. Tappen.--Metric and morphologic variations in the dentition of the Liberian chimpanzee; comparisons with anthropoid and human dentitions, by E.L. Schuman and C.L. Brace.--Tentative generalizations on the grouping behavior of non-human primates, by C.R. Carpenter.--Problems of mental evolution in the primates, by H.W. Nissen.--The cultural capacity of chimpanzee, by K.J. Hayes and C. Hayes.--Closing remarks, by W.L. Straus, Jr.